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Cloverfield as Social Criticism

22 Jan 2008 06:24 pm

Tyler Cowen makes the strongest possible case for treating the movie as something more than an interesting gimmick:

I thought this was a remarkable cinematic event. But you need to know that the characters are supposed to be vacuous and annoying, and that the opening scene is supposed to be obnoxious and superficial. The heroism is supposed to be thin. (The whiney NYT review I read is, in retrospect, an embarrassment.) And that the movie is supposed to make you feel physically nauseated. You are in fact witnessing a disaster. Most of all this is a movie about how the young'uns have no tools for moral discourse and that all they can do is utter banalities and take endless pictures of each other and record their lives for no apparent purpose. I can't recall any other movie that so completely devastates its intended demographic.

My review, forthcoming in the next NR, takes a similar tack to that whiney NYT review Cowen mentions. I'd like to think that the filmmakers had the sort of Waugh-esque agenda in mind that he describes, but I don't think the film bears his reading out. (Mild spoilers follow.)

For one thing, the film does have a classic heroic arc. Cowen calls it “thin,” but the only thing that’s thin are the characters who enact it; the actual decision to cross a monster-ravaged midtown to save the woman you love is anything but. And Cloverfield plays the love story that sets the heroic arc in motion perfectly straight: One of the film's more effective flourishes is to cross-cut the unfolding horror with scenes of the romantic leads at Coney Island, enjoying their last happy day together (the tape is supposedly being recorded over an older video), and I don't think there's any hint that we're supposed to treat these glimpses of their too-briefly-shared Arcadia as anything but poignant in a very straightforward way. Which is how the whole film plays, to my mind - as a very straightforward, even old-fashioned disaster movie in which an enormous monster attacks Manhattan and everyone learns valuable lessons about the importance of friendship and love just before they get gobbled up. (As Anthony Lane notes: "... when, precisely, does [the monster] first announce his presence? Not when someone is pouring a drink or telling a joke but just as Rob’s brother rounds off a maudlin speech: 'It’s about moments, man. Forget the world, you’ve got to hang on to the people you love most.' And, boom: cue the catastrophe.")

There's nothing wrong with a conventional monster-movie storyline, particularly if you're working with a gimmicky format. But the fact that J.J. Abrams and Matt Reeves didn't manage - or didn't bother - to flesh out their conventional narrative with even mildly engaging characters or dialogue shouldn't be treated as proof that they're engaged in some scabrous satire of contemporary twentysomething life. Vile Bodies this ain't.

Comments (48)

I think I agree with you that this movie follows a conventional monster movie arc, but more is definitely going on here. The movie is a Godzilla for Generation Y. No God, No science, no power, not even love saves people. I got sucked into this movie by the Chthulu/Lovecraft references, but his monsters and nightmares tended to end with a researcher or scientist saying the right words and doing the right things. Nothing stops this monster.

The question the movie presented to me was, how did the military get this tape? Why is it in the military's hands, not a news crew or somebody else's? If the DOD has it, does that mean that they killed the monster? the tape could not have survived a nuclear attack, so noone nuked New York. I don't see how humanity wins this one.

While the lovers have an arc, I am not sure if it is a valuable one. There is no declaration of love, or even a kiss. This is Checkov's King Kong...no values survive. I think that does make this a remarkable film, though not necessarily a good one. It's nihilism is the gene it shares with Blair Witch.

I think a little of Alien and Aliens, both of which feature an unstoppable force, but also a clear feminist moral. I don't see a moral in this story.

I wonder if you could make the argument that the main character (Rob?) doesn't really love Beth. Instead, he doesn't want to leave his tribe. His tribe of young party people celebrate themselves as if their lives were one big Round Table.

It is dangerous to assume that open questions are left open intentionally, and not through writer's laziness. This film leaves us with some good questions.

How does the military get the film?

Why do the other three accompany Rob in?

Why don't they run?
(Assume they are millenials who can do anything with a little pluck)

Why go into the subways?

Why didn't Rob call his Mom when his brother died?

Why don't they call anyone else when it is clear that they are in trouble?

I want to think that this movie makes a point about tribal thinking. Just because you lead the tribe, doesn't mean that you are either wise or all powerful. But these kids only have the tribe. (I don't know if the text supports that.)

By the way, speaking of Waugh's "Vile Bodies," Stephen Fry's 2004 film version of it, "Bright Young Things" is quite good, perhaps more enjoyable than the book. Waugh was much influenced by the new talkies in 1930s, so he wrote much of Vile Bodies like a screenplay, which makes it hard to read. But it makes it a natural film, and with experts like Peter O'Toole milking Waugh's dialogue for all the jokes, it's quite entertaining.

I agree, Cloverfield does not offer any social criticism. The characters, as you point out, are thinly drawn and the initial 15-20 minutes do little to make the audience care about them. They are ill-equipped for the terror they face, but that's merely a stock dramatic tool and not some commentary on the 20 something generation.

But Cloverfield isn't a character driven drama or even a character based- John McClane type- thriller. The whole point is to drop the audience in the middle of this attack and take them along for the ride. And in that sense, Cloverfield delivers the goods. Sure, the handheld camera is a gimmick and its effect is subject to diminishing returns, but it works really well here. Many of the scenes get their intensity directly from the feeling that the audience is standing in the street as tanks and Humvees roll by guns ablaze or watching the Brooklyn Bridge get smashed in half.

So, it makes for a refreshing take on an old formula and, though it's a gimmick, it's an effective one that produces results.

Spoiler alert: Apparently, if you stayed for the very end credits you hear a voice saying "it's still alive". So it seems like they didn't, in fact, kill the monster.

I thought Tyler was joking.

To think that JJ Abrams even knows what 'social commentary' means is a stretch. All his stuff is cotton candy. That's his bag and there's nothing wrong with it per se. I find his stuff difficult to watch because of that but it's not quite as awful as a Michael Bay flick whose movies, in the words of a Rolling Stone review, 'make me fear for the future of mankind.'
d

I'm basically with Andrew above on this one.

I happen to like horror/monster movies and I thought this was an above-average one. Take your basic godzilla movie, make the special effects better (or at least shakier) and put the action at street level. That's pretty much it.

And making the young victim characters in a horror movie shallow and annoying is nothing new.

I'm a 40+m and have been looking forward to this movie for months.

This movie made me physically ill from the handheld camera, so I missed the last 20 minutes of the movie.

I believe that JJ Abrams made a movie that only 20-somethings can watch, literally.

So that's got to be factored in as well.

I believe Beth survives. She is loaded into the first helicopter that takes off and you don't see her again.

This is a little off-topic, but I've always thought it's weird how intellectually inclined twenty-somethings, like Ross and admittedly sometimes me, can say things like "young'uns have no tools for moral discourse and that all they can do is utter banalities and take endless pictures of each other and record their lives for no apparent purpose."

But of course this never applies to you, or any of your friends, who are different. So why do we so readily impute some kind of vague gaping moral and spiritual deficiency to a large number of people we don't even know? I can understand it a little more from older people, but I'm not sure why I should want to believe that people who resemble me outwardly in many ways are very different, and worse, than I am.

And yes, I realize it's Cowen who said that and Ross is just agreeing.

I also thought Tyler was joking, but one never knows with Tyler.

I haven't seen Cloverfield yet, but this conversation reminds me of all the discussion about Verhoeven's Starship Troopers a few years ago. There were a number of hints and suggestions in that movie to suggest that it was intended as satire-- the vapid heroes and vaguely fascist government were intended as objects of scorn and the director's goal was to make make some sort of meaningful anti-war statement.

Which leads us to the question-- if most of your paying audience appreciates your clever satire as a straightforward "high-speed thrill ride" and misses the satirical element entirely, was it really a satire? Or are you just cynically cashing in on the tastes of people you disrespect?

I don't care how big the monster is, it's still a biological entity. In a world where bunker busting bombs can penetrate tens of feet of hardened concrete, there is no way a creature could survive the weapons the military currently has at its disposal.

At Greg Tomhave:

How do you know it is even a carbon-based life form. Could be totally different than anything from this world, and if it follows Cthulu stuff it is not even from our dimension.

"I don't care how big the monster is, it's still a biological entity."

Uh, you do realize that a monster that size would be crushed to death under its own weight? The whole "mass increases exponentially with size" thing? Physics is pretty much the first thing that gets thrown out the windown in giant monster movies.

Mike

I agree re Starship Troopers - the first time I watched it I hated it: the characters were so annoying, the violence gratuitous. The next time, it clicked for me that it was a scathing satire on fascism: the clean-cut soldiers, laying down their lives like cannon fodder before an inhuman enemy, which only knows violence (and consider fascist descriptions of their enemies as bug, roaches, etc), the continuous stream of propaganda, etc.

Watch it now in the wake of 9/11 and comparisons become a little chilling.

Not saying this applies to Cloverfield, however. It seems much more opportunistic.

Love? Surely you jest. Our hero and heroine spent one romantic night together, and then were going to go their separate ways. I think the hero's quest to save the heroine was more guilt (I never called her back! I'm such a jerk!) than it was love. One could make the case that, after seeing his brother die, and seeing others die as well, the actions of the hero were more about self-indulgence aimed at assuaging guilt than out of something as noble as actually caring for someone.

Even the last uttered phrases of affection seem more out of fear than out of conviction to me. I think the entire movie condemned, pretty effectively, the shallowness of many twentysomethings. Of course, your mileage may vary.

P.S. This clip from Troopers alone shows several elements satirizing fascism:

http://youtube.com/watch?v=faFuaYA-daw

Even down to the blue-eyed, blonde Sky Marshall and his Nazi-esqe uniform. Jackboot-wearing scientists. "The only good bug is a dead bug," etc.

I find it rich that every critic complains about the vacuousness of the characters. They pretend that they want the characters to be less superficial and more human, but they're fooling themselves. They want them to be more than human. They want aesthetically-arrayed character traits parceled up in clothes. Most people would seem either no different from or less interesting than the kids in Cloverfield if someone filmed them with a camcorder for ninety minutes.

One more thing: check out this cartoon from conservative cartoonist Michael Ramirez in reference to my reference to dehumanizing the enemy, calling them bugs:

http://www.ibdeditorials.com/CartoonPopUp.aspx?id=267396398324223

That was printed in Investor's Business Daily and in various newspapers around America.

(Sorry about this tangent, but it kinda ties in.)

Just how much do you get to know about someone in 1 hour and 25 minutes? After all that's the length of the movie. To me it was a brief glimpse into the lives of four or five people when disaster striked in the form of a Dagon-esque monster destroying NYC.

The guy was a VP going to Japan, what was he the VP of? Who cares, the statue of Libery was decapitated and an oil tanker was capsized.

This is the point, you don't get to know these "characters" because there is nothing really to get to know beyond what is going on in the NOW, in the MOMENT.

People treat this like it's supposed to be like every other movie out there and it isn't which is precisely why I liked it. It was fresh in many ways because it didn't try to add any fluff, it was a disaster flick without the "love conquers all" dream that so pervades much of the genre.

"While the lovers have an arc, I am not sure if it is a valuable one. There is no declaration of love, or even a kiss."

Rob's last words befoe they die are "I love you."

CLOVERFIELD blows it with an uber-realistic frame populated by tv style characters who do an endless amount of stupid things sans irony, replete with wisecracks, just because that's how J.J. thinks, like bad televiion. The premise is great, the execution is Hollywood.

Imagine if JJ and co had dared to critique the Gen Y addiction to their media toys. Ha!

JJ Abrams makes shallow entertainment about (and largely for) shallow people. Trying to read something heavier into it is pretty silly.

I agree with Dreggas. I dont believe Cloverfield was meant to be about the story surrounding the monster, or to answer questions; I think it had the intention of provoking all those questions. It was about the experience they had. And yeah it seems unbelievable to think he kept the camera to his eye under immense pressure, especially when the monster was about to snack on him,and the handheld camera had extremely long lasting batteries and was incredibly endurable,but don't most movies, even the ones trying to appear "realistic" have to include things that seem a bit too convenient? And can anyone expect that 5 random young adults would turn to moral discussions and utter anything beyond "O MY GOD!" when thrust into a chaotic situation, or even at a party in a loft. It is a glimpse into their lives, and their experience.
As regards the "love story" between Rob and Beth, it is indicated they had been close friends before their one-night stand, they did kiss, and there was a declaration of love at the very end (of course) just before the bridge collapsed on top of them.(someone posted that they didnt kiss or declare love. another referred to it as if they had only known eachother for a week.)
I felt Cloverfield was a somewhat fresh take on the typical destruction of New York City. I actually like the ambiguous ending, and I'd rather have my questions answered in a book than a movie. The graphics were great, and I loved the theme song.

Hum, so does that mean you believe that anyone who is entertained by JJ Abrams' story is shallow? That seems pretty shallow in itself.

Hum, so does that mean you believe that anyone who is entertained by JJ Abrams' story is shallow? That seems pretty shallow in itself.

The 'largely' was meant as a hedge, but I see your point. Based on having watched season 1 of Lost, I stand by the statement.

I saw it as a post 9/11 Godzilla flick. A much more effective one than the older Japanese versions. Like Godzilla and his post-atom bomb symbolism, so this movie showed scenes that exactly reference 9/11, from the way the Chrysler building fell, to the clouds of dust rolling up the alleys of the city. It's a reflection of the powerlessness we feel (or are made to feel) in the face of our century's version of apocalyptic destruction of a city. Told - instead of from the more remote view of the Japanese versions -- from within the head of the victims. Nicely done, I'd say.

JJ Abrams has some interesting things to say about his own view of story and mystery in this video:

http://www.ted.com/talks/view/id/205

"mystery is more important than knowledge"

The characters weren't particularly shallow, we are just used to movies that go out of their way to prove it. If anything, the movie went to far with introducing the characters in the first 20 minutes, but that was required for us to get the film at all. It really was supposed to just be a ground-eye view of a Godzilla-type disaster movie.

I've seen and made home videos at parties. Trust me, legitimately deep people don't come across that way in an hour of tape.

Heck, while I'm apologizing for the movie, I should point out that real movie camera batteries do, in fact, last for a few hours. Seeing how the film was supposed to be unedited and was only an hour and a half long, the battery would have been fine. Also, you don't actually hold a camera to your eye most of the time.

I also got the impression the characters were in shock for a good chunk of the time.

It was a fun, B movie monster flick. That's it.

Not that anyone cares, but I didn't mean to say there's anything wrong with shallow entertainment, just that it's pointless to try to dress it up as something more meaningful. I haven't seen this flick yet, but I imagine I might enjoy it on a level of visceral thrill, which is all I would ask of it.

You all are crazy. I really enjoyed that movie. The guy and girl are everyman. When it's on the line and you need help who do you call? When called for help and you are asked to lay it on the line, what is your response?

This movie is all about love and mortality in the face of entropy.

All chronicled by your somewhat dufus friend.

Okay, first of all, I liked the movie. But I find it ironic that people are spending so much time making posts about how "shallow" the characters are- you all are (and I am) taking time out of your lives to post on an obscure blog, for Pete's sakes. How different do you all honestly think you are than the characters in the film? If the characters had blogged their final moments instead of filmed it, you all would probably be comparing it to Hamlet ("they blogged! Just like us! They are so deep! Just like us!").

If you want to see satire, screw watching films. Just go to a blog and see all the posters talking about how shallow SOMEONE ELSE is.

Oh, wait. There is one crucial difference. The characters in the film were FICTIONAL- you're not.

Yes, yes, the characters were shallow and vacuous in the beginning segments. But what did we learn about them as they faced a terrible event. They showed loyalty, courage and pluck. Every one of them stepped up, even Marina came back to save Hud, so she wasn't just a stuck up. The ancients prayed to have a good death. These kids did. They were honorable, and by the end, they were not shallow.

Whatever underlying message that may have been intended with Cloverfield was smothered by the pile of crap it was lying under. People can make the argument that 20 somethings really come off as vacuous and shallow in real life and party tapes as a defense of the movie but this isn't a party tape or real life, this is supposed to be a movie.

I don't care if people really are the biggest morons in the history of the world, that doesn't mean I want to spend 90 minutes watching them.

The whole gimmick of Cloverfield, the found footage aspect, was all dependent on characters being annoying and idiotic assholes that you looked forward to seeing eaten. When you have to resort to lame exposition like seen here to explain why the cameraman just keeps carrying that camera, you should know there is a problem.

Worst movie of the year.

Robert Heinlein wrote "Starship Troopers" in righteous anger at signs of Western capitulation in the Cold War. He honestly believed that if you weren't willing to defend your country you shouldn't have the right to vote. I don't think the movie version is clearly anti-military or anti-war; it is bad enough, though, to be an insult to Heinlein.

As for folks who repeatedly, glibly put "fascism" and "9/11" together: what do they think we should do when a foe suddenly murders thousands of innocent citizens in cold blood? Disarm and sing Kumbaya until they go away?

"Those who have not swords can still die upon them." -- J.R.R. Tolkien, via Lady Eowyn of Rohan

Oh, and we're learning a lot more lately about the true roots of fascism, aren't we?

RE: Bat Chain Puller-- That's easily the most awesome right-wing comment troll I've seen in ages.

You've got a stirring defense of actual fascism in the first paragraph, a snide reference to Jonah Goldberg's magnum opus in the last paragraph, a "Kumbaya" snipe at liberals, a Tolkien quote, and a paean to Heinlein.

Well played, sir. Well played. You are now free to take your 20-sided die and return to the basement.

Oh, wait. There is one crucial difference. The characters in the film were FICTIONAL- you're not.

Speak for yourself, buddy.

Dick Cheney had it right with that "Liberals want psychiatry" to respond to 9/11 crack.

"OMG~!11!! We wuz attack3d!" [Plows head under sand.]

How does the military get the film?

Recovery effort in central park/search for survivors? Seems an obvious answer that there'd be some efforts to gather as much data on this thing as possible (this movie is the same as the first part of Godzilla, the monster has attacked but retreated for now and we're investigating what was left behind). Kind of overthinking it if you ask me...

Why do the other three accompany Rob in?

Other than normal friendship? Well Hob (the camera man) obviously is loyal to Rob and his brother almost too a fault. Girl #1 who just lost her love (and future husband?) is staying with Rob because he's the only connection she has right now to her lost, and Girl #2 is just dazed and confused... going along because she'd go along with any group that happened to "grab" her.

Why don't they run?
(Assume they are millenials who can do anything with a little pluck)

ummm.... don't think? Quite a bit in the film I think. Oh... and they are also on an ISLAND. Seems running is only going to get you so far. ;-)

Why go into the subways?

You're in a zone that is being turned into a rainstorm of metal and glass debris as buildings fall not to mention the collateral of the military vs the monster. It would be a natural response to try and hide from all that by seeking the first available refuge (and in a panic, the person just chooses the subway).

Why didn't Rob call his Mom when his brother died?

I've only seen it once, but I'm quite sure Rob DID call his Mom when their brother was killed. It was during the "down time" in the subway.

Why don't they call anyone else when it is clear that they are in trouble?

At what point? And I thought they did try several times. Besides, 1) Do you think cell phones are going to work that well? (won't a lot of towers be demolished in the rampage? I don't know how the cell grid of NY is laid out) and 2) who's going to answer?

As someone who's lived through a major earthquake, trust me, the phones wouldn't work that well. Sometimes something gets through, but most of the time it won't. The problem isn't the lines, the problem is every single person is trying to use them at the same time and the system is swamped. Once you do get a connection, though, you can talk for a while, but that is pretty rude to others trying to tell loved ones they are ok.

The problem isn't the lines...

True with an earthquake, but cell phones mostly use towers rather than buried lines so it's understandable that if a giant monster is running around, all those towers will go down and more dead spots should result.

And of course, as you pointed out, the system will be jammed up anyway.

couple points:

1. actually, an SD card could survive a nuclear blast...it's just an issue of shielding..how far away it is from ground zero (and the megatonnage used), what surrounds it...etc. ultimately, nukes are just really big explosives...things and structures do survive.

2. as a NY'er, I can tell you that cell-phone coverage goes to shit during a major event (and not just NY)...the networks get overloaded! you couldn't get a call through during the early part of the blackout and you certainly couldn't during 9/11.

3. the most unrealistic part of the movie (other than the whole monster thing) was its use of geography. no fricking way did they walk/run from the Spring Street stop on the 6 to 59th in a few minutes! that's exactly 61 blocks.

oh, and can we have a moratorium on movies destroying my city? enough already.

1. actually, an SD card could survive a nuclear blast...it's just an issue of shielding..how far away it is from ground zero (and the megatonnage used), what surrounds it...etc. ultimately, nukes are just really big explosives...things and structures do survive.

But don't nukes generate huge emps and other radiations that can fry average electronics?

I think that's why the movie ended under a bridge, to give some "cover" (pun intended) for why the camera was found. (and even if the camera was destroyed, the tape/memory stick could have been intact if it was just debris falling on it)

oh, and can we have a moratorium on movies destroying my city? enough already.

Could be worse, you could be in tokyo. (I think it beats out new york for destruction - especially if you count comics + manga)

La Follette -- nationalism, patriotism, and military defense of one's own nation/culture are not "fascism." After all, H.G. Wells admired Mussolini and called for "Liberal Fascism."

Verhooven by contrast to Heinlein *is* an admirer of fascism, his last film "Black Book" is a paen to Nazi occupiers of his native Netherlands. His clueless post-War European childishness (criticizing those who provide Europe's protection) is in direct contrast to Heinlein's big hook for Starship Troopers. The last few pages show the narrator to be a Filipino from Manila. Who embraces the sort of "1943 Can-Do America" that Heinlein always wrote about (Heinlein was a former Naval Officer).

The problem with Cloverfield is that none of the characters believe in ANYTHING: God, right and wrong, togetherness, or even love. The male lead (Rob) has an empty, meaningless hook-up with Beth (she shows up at the party with some other guy).

Just like Veerhoven's not-so-secret admiration for Nazis/fascists (because they are "strong" and Veerhoven admires "strength") fills all his films (including Robocop) so too does JJ Abrams moral emptiness fill Cloverfield. I couldn't tell you if the man believed in anything other than the value of being hip and cool.

No wonder many hated it.

...nationalism, patriotism, and military defense of one's own nation/culture are not "fascism." After all, H.G. Wells admired Mussolini and called for "Liberal Fascism."

No, but using the threat of communism as an excuse to replace liberal democracy with a hyper-nationalist military oligarchy is the very essence of fascism, and this was pretty much the entire point of Starship Troopers.

And since you've borrowed the lame H.G. Wells anecdote from Jonah Goldberg, I'll outsource my rebuttal to John Holbo:

crookedtimber.org/2008/01/24/liberal-fascism-wings-over-the-world-edition/

i like that the premise of the quoted statement, which is "i'm not saying there is any enlightening value to this movie, but if there was..." i appreciate the fresh insight

Thanks for very interesting article. btw. I really enjoyed reading all of your posts. It’s interesting to read ideas, and observations from someone else’s point of view… makes you think more.
So please keep up the great work. Greetings.